Mesh | Erdal Inci Portfolio

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A historic Byzantine church in Istanbul’s Edirnekapı district, now functioning as a mosque. Originally built in the early 4th century as part of a monastery complex outside the walls of Constantinople, it was later incorporated into the city after the expansion of the Theodosian Walls.

Most of the structure visible today dates from later reconstructions, including major rebuilding between 1077–1081 and extensive decoration under the statesman Theodore Metochites (1315–1321), whose patronage produced its outstanding Late Byzantine mosaics and frescoes — among the finest surviving in the world.

Converted into a mosque in the 16th century, transformed into a museum in 1945, and reopened as a mosque in 2020, the building continues to carry the layered history of the city within its walls.

Photogrammetry scanned with Agisoft Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Chora II, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
150 x 187.5 cm 5+1 ed.
80 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

A historic Byzantine church in Istanbul’s Edirnekapı district, now functioning as a mosque. Originally built in the early 4th century as part of a monastery complex outside the walls of Constantinople, it was later incorporated into the city after the expansion of the Theodosian Walls.

Most of the structure visible today dates from later reconstructions, including major rebuilding between 1077–1081 and extensive decoration under the statesman Theodore Metochites (1315–1321), whose patronage produced its outstanding Late Byzantine mosaics and frescoes — among the finest surviving in the world.

Converted into a mosque in the 16th century, transformed into a museum in 1945, and reopened as a mosque in 2020, the building continues to carry the layered history of the city within its walls.

Photogrammetry scanned with Agisoft Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Chora Section, 2026

Rüstem Paşa Mosque
Designed by Mimar Sinan for Rüstem Pasha, the Grand Vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent, and completed in 1563, the mosque was built on a high terrace constructed above vaulted shops arranged to generate rental income. Its double-porched entrance and five-domed façade create a distinctive, elevated silhouette.

Scanned in April 2016 & November 2025

Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın sadrazamı Rüstem Paşa için Mimar Sinan tarafından tasarlanan ve 1563’te tamamlanan cami, kira geliri sağlamak üzere düzenlenen tonozlu dükkânların üzerine inşa edilen yüksek bir teras üzerinde yer alır. Çift revaklı girişi ve beş kubbeli cephesiyle kendine özgü, yükseltilmiş bir siluet oluşturur.

Rüstem Pasha, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
144 x 200 cm 5+1 ed.
72 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Rüstem Pasha, 2026

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye I, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
132 x 200 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye II, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
150 x 187.5 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye Detail, 2026

Dara Ancient City — Church Cistern / Zindan Cistern
Located northwest of the ancient agora street, the Church Cistern is one of the largest surviving cisterns of Dara Ancient City, with a water capacity of 2000 m³ and a height of approximately 15 meters. Built with finely cut stone walls, the structure was part of the extensive water infrastructure sustaining one of Upper Mesopotamia’s major frontier cities during the Eastern Roman / Byzantine period.

The cistern once stood beneath the city’s cathedral, known as the Great Church, today mostly lost except for a surviving western wall. Despite connected structures and side spaces still remaining underground, and a house later being built directly on top of it, the structure still preserves its monumental presence. According to the historian Procopius, Dara contained two major churches: the Great Church and the Church of Bartholomew. The structure later became an important center of the Syriac Metropolitanate until the 14th century.
Dara Antik Kenti — Kilise Sarnıcı / Zindan Sarnıcı

Antik agora caddesinin kuzeybatısında yer alan Kilise Sarnıcı, Dara Antik Kenti’nin günümüze ulaşan en büyük sarnıçlarından biridir. Yaklaşık 15 metre yüksekliğe ve 2000 m³ su kapasitesine sahip yapı, düzgün kesme taş duvarlarıyla Doğu Roma / Bizans döneminde Yukarı Mezopotamya’nın önemli sınır kentlerinden birinin su altyapısının parçası olarak inşa edildi.

Sarnıç, bugün yalnızca batı duvarının bir bölümü ayakta kalan Büyük Kilise’nin altında yer alıyordu. Bağlantılı yapıların ve yan mekânların hâlâ toprak altında bulunmasına, ayrıca yapının üzerine daha sonraki dönemlerde bir ev inşa edilmiş olmasına rağmen, yapı anıtsal etkisini hâlâ koruyor. Tarihçi Prokopius’a göre Dara’da iki önemli kilise bulunuyordu: Büyük Kilise ve Bartholomeos Kilisesi. Yapı, 14. yüzyıla kadar Süryani Metropolitliği’nin önemli merkezlerinden biri olarak kullanıldı.

Günümüzde sarnıç, Mardin Bienali’nin duraklarından birine ev sahipliği yapıyor; mekânda Alper Aydın’ın heykeli ve Selçuk Artut’un mekâna özgü ses yerleştirmesi bulunuyor.

Zindan, 2026

Dara Ancient City — Church Cistern / Zindan Cistern
Located northwest of the ancient agora street, the Church Cistern is one of the largest surviving cisterns of Dara Ancient City, with a water capacity of 2000 m³ and a height of approximately 15 meters. Built with finely cut stone walls, the structure was part of the extensive water infrastructure sustaining one of Upper Mesopotamia’s major frontier cities during the Eastern Roman / Byzantine period.

The cistern once stood beneath the city’s cathedral, known as the Great Church, today mostly lost except for a surviving western wall. Despite connected structures and side spaces still remaining underground, and a house later being built directly on top of it, the structure still preserves its monumental presence. According to the historian Procopius, Dara contained two major churches: the Great Church and the Church of Bartholomew. The structure later became an important center of the Syriac Metropolitanate until the 14th century.
Dara Antik Kenti — Kilise Sarnıcı / Zindan Sarnıcı

Antik agora caddesinin kuzeybatısında yer alan Kilise Sarnıcı, Dara Antik Kenti’nin günümüze ulaşan en büyük sarnıçlarından biridir. Yaklaşık 15 metre yüksekliğe ve 2000 m³ su kapasitesine sahip yapı, düzgün kesme taş duvarlarıyla Doğu Roma / Bizans döneminde Yukarı Mezopotamya’nın önemli sınır kentlerinden birinin su altyapısının parçası olarak inşa edildi.

Sarnıç, bugün yalnızca batı duvarının bir bölümü ayakta kalan Büyük Kilise’nin altında yer alıyordu. Bağlantılı yapıların ve yan mekânların hâlâ toprak altında bulunmasına, ayrıca yapının üzerine daha sonraki dönemlerde bir ev inşa edilmiş olmasına rağmen, yapı anıtsal etkisini hâlâ koruyor. Tarihçi Prokopius’a göre Dara’da iki önemli kilise bulunuyordu: Büyük Kilise ve Bartholomeos Kilisesi. Yapı, 14. yüzyıla kadar Süryani Metropolitliği’nin önemli merkezlerinden biri olarak kullanıldı.

Günümüzde sarnıç, Mardin Bienali’nin duraklarından birine ev sahipliği yapıyor; mekânda Alper Aydın’ın heykeli ve Selçuk Artut’un mekâna özgü ses yerleştirmesi bulunuyor.

Zindan, 2026

Konya, the capital of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 13th century, was one of Anatolia’s leading centers of education, art, and architecture. Madrasas were institutions of higher learning where, alongside religious studies, subjects such as law, philosophy, and astronomy were taught throughout the Middle East and Anatolia. Commissioned by the Seljuk statesman Celaleddin Karatay in 1251, the Karatay Madrasa is one of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk architecture.

Defined by its monumental stone portal, the building measures approximately 31.5 × 26.5 meters and follows a single-story plan organized around a covered central courtyard. The domed central space, the western iwan, and the domed chambers to the north and south create a simple yet striking spatial composition. The southern domed chamber houses the tomb of the madrasa’s founder, Celaleddin Karatay. Clad in turquoise, cobalt blue, and black tiles, the interior preserves some of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk tilework. Since 1955, the building has served as the Karatay Tile Works Museum, housing an important collection of Seljuk-period tiles and ceramics.

Karatay Madrasa, 2026

Konya, the capital of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 13th century, was one of Anatolia’s leading centers of education, art, and architecture. Madrasas were institutions of higher learning where, alongside religious studies, subjects such as law, philosophy, and astronomy were taught throughout the Middle East and Anatolia. Commissioned by the Seljuk statesman Celaleddin Karatay in 1251, the Karatay Madrasa is one of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk architecture.

Defined by its monumental stone portal, the building measures approximately 31.5 × 26.5 meters and follows a single-story plan organized around a covered central courtyard. The domed central space, the western iwan, and the domed chambers to the north and south create a simple yet striking spatial composition. The southern domed chamber houses the tomb of the madrasa’s founder, Celaleddin Karatay. Clad in turquoise, cobalt blue, and black tiles, the interior preserves some of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk tilework. Since 1955, the building has served as the Karatay Tile Works Museum, housing an important collection of Seljuk-period tiles and ceramics.

Karatay Madrasa, 2026

Zinciriye Madrasa, aka Sultan Isa Medrese, is a historic landmark in Mardin. Commissioned by Sultan Isa and completed in 1385, it was built as a külliye—a complex including a madrasa, mosque, mausoleum, and courtyards.

It was a challenge aligning two datasets—one from 10 years ago, shot with my first drone, and one from my latest visit to Mardin (April ’26), captured handheld.

Zinciriye Madrasa, Mardin, 2016-2026

One of UNESCO’s five listed Medieval Anatolian Wooden Hypostyle Mosques, the Eşrefoğlu Mosque in Beyşehir was built between 1296 and 1299 by the Eşrefoğulları Beylik. Its interior is carried by 42 cedar columns, traditionally soaked in Lake Beyşehir for six months before construction. The wooden hypostyle structure, painted decorative details, muqarnas capitals, and richly ornamented mihrab make it one of the finest surviving examples of medieval Anatolian architecture.

At the center of the mosque is a snow pit, which until the 1940s was filled with snow from the nearby mountains. It helped cool the interior during summer while providing the humidity needed to preserve the wooden structure. The mosque’s founder, Süleyman Bey, is buried in a sepulcher next to the mosque.

Esrefoglu Mosque, 2026

Büyük Yeni Han
Commissioned by Sultan Mustafa III and completed in 1764, known as the second largest caravanserai in Istanbul.

Büyük Yeni Han, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
110 x 300 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 180 cm 5+1 ed.

Kurşunlu Han (also known as Rüstem Paşa Caravanserai)
One of the oldest surviving caravanserais in İstanbul, likely designed by Mimar Sinan and built between 1544–1550.

Kurşunlu Han, 2026

Giritli Mustafa Paşa Hanı
A 19th-century, small-scale han, hosting craftspeople such as Terzi (tailor) Necla and Döşemeci (upholsterer) Cahit.
Captured in November 2025.

Giritli Mustafa Pasha Han, 2026

Karaköy, 2026

Karaköy, 2026

Kürekçiler Kapısı Str., 2026

Galata Bridge

A historic Byzantine church in Istanbul’s Edirnekapı district, now functioning as a mosque. Originally built in the early 4th century as part of a monastery complex outside the walls of Constantinople, it was later incorporated into the city after the expansion of the Theodosian Walls.

Most of the structure visible today dates from later reconstructions, including major rebuilding between 1077–1081 and extensive decoration under the statesman Theodore Metochites (1315–1321), whose patronage produced its outstanding Late Byzantine mosaics and frescoes — among the finest surviving in the world.

Converted into a mosque in the 16th century, transformed into a museum in 1945, and reopened as a mosque in 2020, the building continues to carry the layered history of the city within its walls.

Photogrammetry scanned with Agisoft Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Chora II, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
150 x 187.5 cm 5+1 ed.
80 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

A historic Byzantine church in Istanbul’s Edirnekapı district, now functioning as a mosque. Originally built in the early 4th century as part of a monastery complex outside the walls of Constantinople, it was later incorporated into the city after the expansion of the Theodosian Walls.

Most of the structure visible today dates from later reconstructions, including major rebuilding between 1077–1081 and extensive decoration under the statesman Theodore Metochites (1315–1321), whose patronage produced its outstanding Late Byzantine mosaics and frescoes — among the finest surviving in the world.

Converted into a mosque in the 16th century, transformed into a museum in 1945, and reopened as a mosque in 2020, the building continues to carry the layered history of the city within its walls.

Photogrammetry scanned with Agisoft Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Chora Section, 2026

Rüstem Paşa Mosque
Designed by Mimar Sinan for Rüstem Pasha, the Grand Vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent, and completed in 1563, the mosque was built on a high terrace constructed above vaulted shops arranged to generate rental income. Its double-porched entrance and five-domed façade create a distinctive, elevated silhouette.

Scanned in April 2016 & November 2025

Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın sadrazamı Rüstem Paşa için Mimar Sinan tarafından tasarlanan ve 1563’te tamamlanan cami, kira geliri sağlamak üzere düzenlenen tonozlu dükkânların üzerine inşa edilen yüksek bir teras üzerinde yer alır. Çift revaklı girişi ve beş kubbeli cephesiyle kendine özgü, yükseltilmiş bir siluet oluşturur.

Rüstem Pasha, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
144 x 200 cm 5+1 ed.
72 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Rüstem Pasha, 2026

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye I, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
132 x 200 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye II, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
150 x 187.5 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 100 cm 5+1 ed.

Nuruosmaniye Mosque
An 18th-century imperial mosque in Istanbul’s Çemberlitaş district. Designed by Simeon Kalfa, it is the first monumental example of the Ottoman Baroque style, blending European baroque and neoclassical elements.

Nearby stands the Column of Constantine (Çemberlitaş), erected in 328 AD as part of the Forum of Constantine.

Photogrammetry scanned with Metashape, shaded in Cinema 4D, and rendered in Redshift.

Nuruosmaniye Camii
İstanbul’un Çemberlitaş semtinde yer alan 18. yüzyıla ait bir selatin camisidir. Simeon Kalfa tarafından tasarlanan yapı, Avrupa barok ve neoklasik unsurlarını bir araya getiren Osmanlı Baroğu üslubunun ilk anıtsal örneğidir.

Yakınında, Konstantin Forumu’nun bir parçası olarak 328 yılında inşa edilen Çemberlitaş Sütunu yer alır.

Nuruosmaniye Detail, 2026

Dara Ancient City — Church Cistern / Zindan Cistern
Located northwest of the ancient agora street, the Church Cistern is one of the largest surviving cisterns of Dara Ancient City, with a water capacity of 2000 m³ and a height of approximately 15 meters. Built with finely cut stone walls, the structure was part of the extensive water infrastructure sustaining one of Upper Mesopotamia’s major frontier cities during the Eastern Roman / Byzantine period.

The cistern once stood beneath the city’s cathedral, known as the Great Church, today mostly lost except for a surviving western wall. Despite connected structures and side spaces still remaining underground, and a house later being built directly on top of it, the structure still preserves its monumental presence. According to the historian Procopius, Dara contained two major churches: the Great Church and the Church of Bartholomew. The structure later became an important center of the Syriac Metropolitanate until the 14th century.
Dara Antik Kenti — Kilise Sarnıcı / Zindan Sarnıcı

Antik agora caddesinin kuzeybatısında yer alan Kilise Sarnıcı, Dara Antik Kenti’nin günümüze ulaşan en büyük sarnıçlarından biridir. Yaklaşık 15 metre yüksekliğe ve 2000 m³ su kapasitesine sahip yapı, düzgün kesme taş duvarlarıyla Doğu Roma / Bizans döneminde Yukarı Mezopotamya’nın önemli sınır kentlerinden birinin su altyapısının parçası olarak inşa edildi.

Sarnıç, bugün yalnızca batı duvarının bir bölümü ayakta kalan Büyük Kilise’nin altında yer alıyordu. Bağlantılı yapıların ve yan mekânların hâlâ toprak altında bulunmasına, ayrıca yapının üzerine daha sonraki dönemlerde bir ev inşa edilmiş olmasına rağmen, yapı anıtsal etkisini hâlâ koruyor. Tarihçi Prokopius’a göre Dara’da iki önemli kilise bulunuyordu: Büyük Kilise ve Bartholomeos Kilisesi. Yapı, 14. yüzyıla kadar Süryani Metropolitliği’nin önemli merkezlerinden biri olarak kullanıldı.

Günümüzde sarnıç, Mardin Bienali’nin duraklarından birine ev sahipliği yapıyor; mekânda Alper Aydın’ın heykeli ve Selçuk Artut’un mekâna özgü ses yerleştirmesi bulunuyor.

Zindan, 2026

Dara Ancient City — Church Cistern / Zindan Cistern
Located northwest of the ancient agora street, the Church Cistern is one of the largest surviving cisterns of Dara Ancient City, with a water capacity of 2000 m³ and a height of approximately 15 meters. Built with finely cut stone walls, the structure was part of the extensive water infrastructure sustaining one of Upper Mesopotamia’s major frontier cities during the Eastern Roman / Byzantine period.

The cistern once stood beneath the city’s cathedral, known as the Great Church, today mostly lost except for a surviving western wall. Despite connected structures and side spaces still remaining underground, and a house later being built directly on top of it, the structure still preserves its monumental presence. According to the historian Procopius, Dara contained two major churches: the Great Church and the Church of Bartholomew. The structure later became an important center of the Syriac Metropolitanate until the 14th century.
Dara Antik Kenti — Kilise Sarnıcı / Zindan Sarnıcı

Antik agora caddesinin kuzeybatısında yer alan Kilise Sarnıcı, Dara Antik Kenti’nin günümüze ulaşan en büyük sarnıçlarından biridir. Yaklaşık 15 metre yüksekliğe ve 2000 m³ su kapasitesine sahip yapı, düzgün kesme taş duvarlarıyla Doğu Roma / Bizans döneminde Yukarı Mezopotamya’nın önemli sınır kentlerinden birinin su altyapısının parçası olarak inşa edildi.

Sarnıç, bugün yalnızca batı duvarının bir bölümü ayakta kalan Büyük Kilise’nin altında yer alıyordu. Bağlantılı yapıların ve yan mekânların hâlâ toprak altında bulunmasına, ayrıca yapının üzerine daha sonraki dönemlerde bir ev inşa edilmiş olmasına rağmen, yapı anıtsal etkisini hâlâ koruyor. Tarihçi Prokopius’a göre Dara’da iki önemli kilise bulunuyordu: Büyük Kilise ve Bartholomeos Kilisesi. Yapı, 14. yüzyıla kadar Süryani Metropolitliği’nin önemli merkezlerinden biri olarak kullanıldı.

Günümüzde sarnıç, Mardin Bienali’nin duraklarından birine ev sahipliği yapıyor; mekânda Alper Aydın’ın heykeli ve Selçuk Artut’un mekâna özgü ses yerleştirmesi bulunuyor.

Zindan, 2026

Konya, the capital of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 13th century, was one of Anatolia’s leading centers of education, art, and architecture. Madrasas were institutions of higher learning where, alongside religious studies, subjects such as law, philosophy, and astronomy were taught throughout the Middle East and Anatolia. Commissioned by the Seljuk statesman Celaleddin Karatay in 1251, the Karatay Madrasa is one of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk architecture.

Defined by its monumental stone portal, the building measures approximately 31.5 × 26.5 meters and follows a single-story plan organized around a covered central courtyard. The domed central space, the western iwan, and the domed chambers to the north and south create a simple yet striking spatial composition. The southern domed chamber houses the tomb of the madrasa’s founder, Celaleddin Karatay. Clad in turquoise, cobalt blue, and black tiles, the interior preserves some of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk tilework. Since 1955, the building has served as the Karatay Tile Works Museum, housing an important collection of Seljuk-period tiles and ceramics.

Karatay Madrasa, 2026

Konya, the capital of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in the 13th century, was one of Anatolia’s leading centers of education, art, and architecture. Madrasas were institutions of higher learning where, alongside religious studies, subjects such as law, philosophy, and astronomy were taught throughout the Middle East and Anatolia. Commissioned by the Seljuk statesman Celaleddin Karatay in 1251, the Karatay Madrasa is one of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk architecture.

Defined by its monumental stone portal, the building measures approximately 31.5 × 26.5 meters and follows a single-story plan organized around a covered central courtyard. The domed central space, the western iwan, and the domed chambers to the north and south create a simple yet striking spatial composition. The southern domed chamber houses the tomb of the madrasa’s founder, Celaleddin Karatay. Clad in turquoise, cobalt blue, and black tiles, the interior preserves some of the finest surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk tilework. Since 1955, the building has served as the Karatay Tile Works Museum, housing an important collection of Seljuk-period tiles and ceramics.

Karatay Madrasa, 2026

Zinciriye Madrasa, aka Sultan Isa Medrese, is a historic landmark in Mardin. Commissioned by Sultan Isa and completed in 1385, it was built as a külliye—a complex including a madrasa, mosque, mausoleum, and courtyards.

It was a challenge aligning two datasets—one from 10 years ago, shot with my first drone, and one from my latest visit to Mardin (April ’26), captured handheld.

Zinciriye Madrasa, Mardin, 2016-2026

One of UNESCO’s five listed Medieval Anatolian Wooden Hypostyle Mosques, the Eşrefoğlu Mosque in Beyşehir was built between 1296 and 1299 by the Eşrefoğulları Beylik. Its interior is carried by 42 cedar columns, traditionally soaked in Lake Beyşehir for six months before construction. The wooden hypostyle structure, painted decorative details, muqarnas capitals, and richly ornamented mihrab make it one of the finest surviving examples of medieval Anatolian architecture.

At the center of the mosque is a snow pit, which until the 1940s was filled with snow from the nearby mountains. It helped cool the interior during summer while providing the humidity needed to preserve the wooden structure. The mosque’s founder, Süleyman Bey, is buried in a sepulcher next to the mosque.

Esrefoglu Mosque, 2026

Büyük Yeni Han
Commissioned by Sultan Mustafa III and completed in 1764, known as the second largest caravanserai in Istanbul.

Büyük Yeni Han, 2026

Archival Diasec Print
110 x 300 cm 5+1 ed.
66 x 180 cm 5+1 ed.

Kurşunlu Han (also known as Rüstem Paşa Caravanserai)
One of the oldest surviving caravanserais in İstanbul, likely designed by Mimar Sinan and built between 1544–1550.

Kurşunlu Han, 2026

Giritli Mustafa Paşa Hanı
A 19th-century, small-scale han, hosting craftspeople such as Terzi (tailor) Necla and Döşemeci (upholsterer) Cahit.
Captured in November 2025.

Giritli Mustafa Pasha Han, 2026

Karaköy, 2026

Karaköy, 2026

Kürekçiler Kapısı Str., 2026

Galata Bridge

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